SCR USAR First Responder Theory TEST ONLY

What type of construction method is this type of building?

Reinforced Concrete
Light timber/bamboo frame
Un-reinforced masonry
Concrete tilt up

Using the INSARAG methodology, what letter (A-D) identifies “Quadrant D” of this structure?

A
B
C
D

Using the INSARAG methodology, what letter (A-D) identifies the 1st floor?

A
B
C
D

Using the INSARAG methodology, what letter (A-D) identifies “Side 3” of this structure?

A
B
C
D

What group of actions are good examples of disaster reconnaissance and impact assessment information sharing during a USAR response?

Gather information quickly, share information with other response teams, take photographs and make sketches/notes, use electronic information sharing tools if available.
Gather information quickly, keep receipts, use the local language in all search markings, share photographs publicly on facebook or WeChat.
Take your time to gather information as its important all the information you supply to UC is >99% accurate
Ensure electronic sharing tools only use a minimum of 32bit encryption using the INSARAG crypo-key as posted on GDACS

The INSARAG team typing is categorized into three levels: Light, Medium and Heavy. Each of these team types have capabilities to deal with the structural collapse rescue from light, medium and heavy structures respectively. What team capability level is NOT appropriately matched to the type of building construction method, should that building collapse.

Light Rescue Team – typical single story timber framed building that is collapsed
Medium Rescue Team – typical commercial low-rise buildings constructed of reinforced masonry, reinforced masonry or concrete tilt-up
Heavy Rescue Team – typical complex structures such as high rise buildings and other structures made from reinforced concrete and steel
Advanced Light Rescue Team – bamboo, light timber framed, brick veneer and reinforced concrete and steel structural columns

What would be considered examples of confined space hazards?

Unrestrained fall from height, risk of flammables catching fire, chemical burns.
Oxygen depletion or enrichment, entrapment, engulfment.
sweating, anxiety, convulsions
hypothermia, hyperthermia, decompression sickness, altitude sickness.

Though there are many varying legal definitions of what constitutes a “confined space”, in general terms what best describes a confined space?

Not intended for human occupancy, limited means of entry and egress and/or has risk of engulfment
A trench that is above waist height
Where the atmosphere is oxygen deficient
Where a permit is required before work is undertaken

What organization provides coordination of global emergency and relief efforts?

OCHA
UNDSS
INSARAG
LEMA

When victims (human or animal) are trapped in mud, the most effective way to help extricate them is to:

Inject air or water around the trapped limbs to minimize suction
Use a minimum of 3:1 mechanical advantage
Use a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher to freeze the mud around the limbs then carefully use a hammer to remove the trapped victim
Use a 1:1 pull using a truck or similar vehicle

Which of the following statement is FALSE, relating to the advantages of integrating animal rescue into USAR operations?

Rescuing animals too can prevent animal owners returning into cleared or unsafe structures to find their animals
Rescuing animals can minimize false flags (noises from animals mistaken as human)
animals are not important to most people in a major disaster and they will obey instructions to stay away from the disaster zone even if their animals are missing inside
Integrating qualified technical animal rescuers into the human search and rescue response can prevent duplication of search efforts

INSARAG stands for?

International Search and Rescue Advisory Group
International Specialist Rescue Around the Globe
Inter Sectoral Rescue Group
Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

What factors are mostly likely to contribute to secondary collapse at a USAR incident?

Debris weight gain, after-shocks, ice formation or melting, proximity of traffic or machinery
Radiation, sunlight, moon, hazardous materials
Wind, drone operations, search dog operations, ground penetrating radar
Line and hail search, circle and hail search, rapid aerial search

Using the DHS/FEMA Search Assessment Marking, what is true of the following example?

Rats have been rescued also from the site
11 humans have been removed (either dead or alive)
Total time on site by the PA Task Force was 3 Days
Between 1800 and 2130 people have been affected by the incident

Using the DHS/FEMA structural marking system for urban search and rescue, what is the correct interpretation of this illustration?

The structure is significantly damaged and may require shoring
The structure is sound – safe to enter
The structure is not structurally sound – not safe for entry
The New Mexico Task Force is currently conducting rescue operations inside

Which team completed a rapid search and rescue at this site?

Finland-1
Russia-1
Australia-1
No team has conducted a search to this level

Common hazardous material identification or placarding systems include:

ADR, UN Number, NFPA, HAZCHEM
INSARAG, OCHA, HMIS
Kelmer, AFAC, OCHA
ISO, NFPA, PADI, NASA

In an austere environment of collapse structure response, the management of patients that are suspected of suffering Crush Syndrome, the INSARAG medical guidance note (2019) recommends:

Apply a tourniquet as these are the most effective in such circumstances
Ensure rapid extrication and medical transport is ready immediately after removing the crushing force without unnecessary delay
A suitably qualified physician should always be summoned to perform an amputation
If no pain relief is available, then alcohol should be given to the patient along with ample drinking water.

When applying search markings to structures that have minor to no noticeable damage, rescuers should consider:

Using low damage marking systems such as adhesive or stapled placards
Always use orange spray paint
Apply the marking on the ground instead of the structure
Apply the marking on a loose sheet of wood and place near the structure

What is true of spontaneous volunteers at large scale USAR incident that has overwhelmed local capacity?

They often are responsible for increasing the number of fatalities so they should be moved away
Most survivors are rescued by by-standers and they can help expedite rescue operations if engaged and coordinated properly
They are often too emotional to provide to provide local knowledge in a calm fashion so should be ignored
Spontaneous volunteers should only be given catering assignments

What group of equipment would be considered appropriate PPE for responding to a USAR incident?

Helmet, safety boots, eye protection, gloves
Whistle, drink bottle, spray paint, coveralls
First aid kit, sandals, rain coat, whistle
Laser level, plumb bob, rulers and pencil

INSARAG encourage all emergency responders involved in USAR to have what minimum level of training?

INSARAG First Responder
INSARAG Light Rescue
INSARAG Medium Rescue
INSARAG Heavy Rescue

When working around damaged structures, the safe working distance is generally:

100 metres or 300 feet
One and half (1.5) times the height of the structure
One third (1/3) of the height of the structure
The distance a stone or rock can be thrown

What statement is correct when interpreting the following ITRA animal search marking?

Cats still remain on site
All animals, alive and deceased removed
2 dogs removed from site (one dead, one alive)
The 22nd Finland Emergency Branch completed the search

What does the following INSARAG marking mean?

Cleared
Deceased Remain
Condemned
Check Required

What does OSOCC stand for?

On-Site Operational Catering Centre
On-Site Operational Command Centre
On-Site Operations Coordination Centre
Overseas Special Operations Coordination Centre

What group of hazards can be minimized by respective initial actions at a urban search and rescue incident?

Turning off electricity can minimise the risk of electrocution, Turning off water can minimise debris weight gain and drowning of buried victims
Turning on electricity can ensure victims can access lighting if trapped, Turning off water can minimise debris weight gain and drowning of buried victims
Turning on electricity can increase the sensitivity of electronic search devices, Turning on water can ensure rescue crews have drinking water
Leaving gas turned on ensures pilot lights are not compromised, and turning on electricity can increase the sensitivity of electronic search devices

What type of collapse is illustrated?

V collapse
Pancake
M Collapse
Lateral Timber and Brick

What does the acronym REPEAT stand for with regards to USAR Operations?

Reconnaissance and survey, Elimination of hazards and risks, Primary surface search, Exploration of voids and spaces, Access by selected debris removal, Terminate by using heavy plant and machinery
Reconnaissance and survey, Elimination of utilities, Primary surface search, Exploration of voids and spaces, Access by selected debris removal, Terminate by general debris removal
Reconnaissance and wide area search, Elimination of utilities, Primary assessment, Exploration of voids and spaces, Access by selected debris removal, Terminate by general debris removal
Reconnaissance and survey, Explore voids, Penetrate voids, Exploration of voids and spaces, Access by selected debris removal, Terminate by general debris removal

What are the correct INSARAG Assessment, Search and Rescue Levels?

ASR 1=Wide area assessment, ASR 2=Sector assessment, ASR 3= Rapid search and rescue, ASR 4 Full search and rescue, ASR 5=Total search and recovery
ASR 1=Wide area search and rescue, ASR 2=Sector search and rescue, ASR 3= Exploration of voids and spaces, ASR 4 Access by general debris removal, ASR 5=Total search and recovery
ASR 1=Reconnaissance and survey, ASR 2=Sector assessment, ASR 3= Rapid search and rescue, ASR 4 Full search and rescue, ASR 5=Total search and recovery
ASR 1=Reconnaissance and survey, ASR 2=Sector assessment, ASR 3= Rapid void exploration, ASR 4 search dog or electronic search completed, ASR 5=Total search and recovery

According to INSARAG, what are the correct whistle signals used for USAR Operations?

Cease operations/all quiet=1 long blast, Evacuate=3 short blasts, Resume operations=1 long blast and one short blast
Cease operations/all quiet=3 short blasts, Evacuate=1 long blast, Resume operations=1 long blast and one short blast
Cease operations/all quiet=3 short blasts, Evacuate=1 long blast, Resume operations=1 long blast and one short blast
Cease operations/all quiet=2 short blasts, Evacuate=1 long blast, Resume operations = 4 short blasts

Why are victim marking used?

Victim markings are used to let the press/media know which teams have carried out rescues at which structures
Victim markings are used to let the press know which teams have carried out rescues at which structures
Victim markings let medical teams know information about casualties in order to provide the correct response and resources
Victim marking is used to identify potential or known casualty (Live or Deceased) locations that are not obvious to rescuers, e.g. under debris or entombed

Technical rescue operations conducted at night generally…

Take less time
Are safer
Take more time
Requires stronger gear

Incident Command Systems (ICS) typically include the following functional areas:

Transport, food, water, and clothing
Vertical rescue, swiftwater rescue, confined space, and urban search and rescue
Multi-band radio networks, terrestrial and satellite telephone networks, internet LAN/WAN based communications
Operations, planning, logistics, control/command.

SCR USAR First Responder Theory TEST ONLY

SCR USAR First Responder Theory TEST ONLY

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